1483

Birth of Martin Luther (1483-1546)

1484

Birth of Georg Spalatinus (1484-1545)

1484

Birth of Huldrych Zwingli (1484-1531)

1485

Birth of Johannes Bugenhagen (1485-1558)

1486

Birth of Johann Eck (1486-1543)

1489

Birth of Guillaume Farel (1489-1565)

1491

Birth of Martin Bucer (1491-1551)

1491

Birth of Ignatius de Loyola (1491-1556)

1491

Birth of Henry VIII (1491-1547)

1492

The Edict of Expulsion (The Alhambra Decree)

1492

Christopher Columbus discovers America

1493

Birth of Justus Jonas (1493-1555)

1494

Probable birth of Lucas van Leyden (ca. 1494-1533)

1496

Birth of Menno Simons (1496-1561)

1496

Martin Luther in Magdeburg

1497

Martin Luther goes to Eisenach

1497

Birth of Philippus Melanchthon (1497-1560)

1498

Birth of Andreas Osiander (1498-1552)

1499

Birth of Peter Martyr Vermigli (1499-1562)

1499

Birth of Johannes a Lasco (1499-1560)

1499

Birth of Katharina von Bora (1499-1552)

1500

Birth of Charles V (1500-1558)

1501

Martin Luther at Erfurt

1504

Birth of Heinrich Bullinger (1504-1575)

1505

Martin Luther becomes a monk

1505

New Testament in Latin

1507

Martin Luther becomes a priest

1508

Transfer of Martin Luther to Wittenberg

1509

Erasmus In Praise of Folly appears

1509

Birth of John Calvin (1509-1564)

1510

Luther travels to Rome

1510

Birth of Albertus Rizaeus Hardenberg (1510-1574)

1510

Birth of Immanuel Tremellius (1510-1580)

1511

150th year after the death of Johannes Tauler (ca. 1300

1512

The Fifth Lateran Council

1512

Martin Luther awarded a doctorate

1514

Renewal of the jubilee indulgence 1506

1515

Birth of Theresa of Avila (1515-1582)

1515

Luther's lectures on the epistle to the Romans

1516

Birth of Hieronymus Zanchius (1516-1590)

1516

Erasmus publishes a Greek text of the New Testament.

1517

Reformers in 1517

1517

Beginning of the Reformation

1518

The writings of Martin Luther reach Antwerp

1518

Diet of Augsburg

1518

Philipp Melanchthon comes to Wittenberg

1518

Heidelberg Disputation

1519

Luther's work condemned

1519

Charles V becomes emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

1519

Luther's dispute with Johannes Eck in Leipzig

1519

Death of Leonardo da Vinci (ca. 1452-1519)

1519

Birth of Theodore Beza (1519-1605)

1519

Death of Johann Tetzel (1465-1519)

1519

Erasmus publishes a second edition of the New Testament

1520

Three of Luther's writings appear in print

1520

Papal Bull Exsurge Domine against Luther

1520

Birth of Christopher Plantin (1520-1589)

1521

Birth of Petrus Canisius (1521-1597)

1521

Melanchthons Loci communes appears in print

1521

Henry VIII Defensor fidei

1521

The first priests at Wittenberg are married

1521

Diet of Worms

1522

The Reformation in Zurich

1522

Pope Adrian VI elected

1522

Religious radicalism in Wittenberg

1522

Martin Luther translated the New Testament

1522

Strict edicts in the Netherlands

1523

John Calvin starts his studies

1523

Reformation in Zurich

1523

The first martyrs of the reformation in Brussels

1523

That Jesus Christ was born a Jew

1523

The New Testament in Dutch

1524

Appearance in print of Erasmus De libero arbitrio

1524

The beginning of the Peasants' War in Germany

1524

The Regensburg Alliance

1524

Death of Johannes von Staupitz

1524

Death of Henry van Zutphen

1525

The whole Bible is translated into Dutch

1525

Birth of Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1525-1594)

1525

The Anabaptists in Zurich

1525

Death of Frederick the Wise (1463-1525)

1525

Death of Thomas Muntzer (1490-1525)

1525

Death of Jan de Bakker

1525

Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora

1525

Appearance in print of Luther's De servo arbitrio

1526

First Diet of Speyer

1526

The Liesvelt Bible appears in print

1527

The Hymn "A Mighty Fortress"

1527

University of Marburg

1528

Martyrdom of Patrick Hamilton in Schotland

1528

Death of Albrecht Durer (1471-1528)

1529

The Marburg Colloquy

1529

Appearance in print of the Wittenberg Chorgesangbuch

1529

The Small Catechism and Large Catechism of Luther

1529

Second Diet of Speyer

1530

Charles V (1500-1558) is anointed emperor

1530

Diet of Augsburg

1531

Death of Huldrych Zwingli (1483-1531)

1531

Birth of Peter Datheen (1531-1590)

1531

Death of Johannes Oecolampadius (1481-1531)

1531

The Schmalkaldic League

1531

Diet of Regensburg

1532

Synod of Bern

1532

The Peace of Nuremberg (Nurnberger Anstand)

1533

John Calvin flees from Paris

1533

Probable year of Lucas van Leyden's death

1533

'New Jerusalem' of the Anabaptists in Munster

1533

Birth of William of Orange (1533-1584)

1534

John Calvin breaks with the Catholic church

1534

Ignatius of Loyola founds the Jesuit order

1534

Old Testament translated into German

1534

Beginning of the English Reformation

1534

The Kingdom of Anabaptists in Munster

1534

Death of Cardinal Cajetan

1534

The Confession of Basel

1535

First Bible in French

1535

Anabaptists at Amsterdam

1535

End of the Kingdom of Anabaptists in Munster

1535

The Anabaptists run naked in Amsterdam.

1536

First Helvetic Confession

1536

Beginning of the Council in Mantua

1536

First edition of Calvin's Institutes

1536

Wittenberg Concord

1536

John Calvin comes to Geneva

1536

The English Bible translator Tyndale dies as a martyr

1536

Death of Desiderius Erasmus (ca. 1466-1536)

1537

The Schmalkaldic Articles

1538

John Calvin to Basel and Strasbourg

1539

The first version of the Genevan Psalter in print

1539

Calvin's letter to Cardinal Sadoleto

1539

Truce of Frankfurt; Peace of Nuremberg confirmed

1540

Beginning of the Imperial Colloquy at Worms

1540

Calvin marries Idelette de Bure

1540

An amended version of the Augsburg Confession

1540

The Imperial Religious Colloquy at Hagenau

1541

Death of Andreas von Karlstadt (1486-1541)

1541

Birth of Menso Alting (1541-1612)

1541

First Imperial Religious Colloquy at Regensburg

1541

John Calvin returns to Geneva

1541

Diet of Regensburg

1541

Death of Wolfgang Capito (1478-1541)

1542

Inquisition

1542

The Diet of Speyer begins

1542

Last version Liesvelt Bible appears

1543

Death of Johann Eck (1486-1543)

1543

Concerning the Jews and their lies

1543

A Brussels placard

1543

Publication of Copernicus' De revolutionibus

1544

Protestant refugee communities

1545

Birth of Franciscus Junius (1545-1602)

1545

Birth of Johannes Fontanus (1545-1615)

1545

Beginning of the Council of Trent

1545

Death of Georg Spalatinus (1484-1545)

1545

Death of Jacob of Liesvelt

1545

The Genevan Catechism of John Calvin

1546

Second Imperial Religious Colloquy at Regensburg

1546

Schmalkaldic War (1546-1547)

1546

Imperial condemnation of Philipp I of Hesse en John Fre

1546

Death of George Wishart (ca. 1513-1546)

1546

Death of Martin Luther (1483-1546)

1547

Death of Henry VIII (1491-1547)

1547

Diet of Augsburg 1547-1548

1548

Formula reformationis

1548

Louvain Bible

1549

Book of Common Prayer

1549

The Consensus of Zurich (Consensus Tigurinus)

1550

Protestant League of Germany

1551

Death of Martin Bucer (1491-1551)

1552

Death of Andreas Osiander (1498-1552)

1552

Death of Katharina von Bora (1492-1552)

1552

English 42 Articles

1553

400th anniversary of the death of Bernard of Clairvaux

1553

Trial in Geneva against Michael Servet

1555

Philips II (1527-1598) becomes ruler of the Netherlands

1555

First Dutch speaking calvinistic congregation in Antwer

1555

Death of Justus Jonas (1493-1555)

1555

The Catechism of Canisius appears in print

1555

The Religious Peace of Augsburg

1555

Geneva chooses a pro-Calvin policy

1556

Death of Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556)

1557

The Imperial Religious Colloquy at Worms

1557

Covenant of the nobility in Scotland

1558

Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England

1558

Death of Emperor Charles V (1500-1558)

1558

Death of Johannes Bugenhagen (1485-1558)

1558

Birth of William Perkins

1559

Book of Martyrs

1559

First French National Synod at Paris

1559

Margaret of Parma becomes regent of the Netherlands

1559

Probable birth of Jacob Arminius (ca. 1559-1609).

1559

William of Orange becomes governor of Holland, Zeeland

1559

Nine new dioceses in the Catholic Church

1559

The Academy of Geneva founded

1559

John Knox returns to Scotland

1559

Definitive version of Calvin's Institute

1560

The appearance of the Biestken Bible in print

1560

Death of Johannes a Lasco (1499-1560)

1560

Death of Philipp Melachthon (1497-1560)

1560

Frederick III becomes Reformed

1561

Colloquy at Poissy

1561

The Belgic Confession appears

1561

Death of Menno Simons (1496-1561)

1562

Deux-Aesbijbel published in Emden

1562

Genevan Psalter completed

1562

Refugee Church at Frankenthal

1562

Death of Adriaan van Haemstede (ca. 1525-1562)

1562

Death of Peter Martyr Vermigli (1499-1562)

1563

Birth of Franciscus Gomarus

1563

Conclusion of the Council of Trent

1563

Heidelberg Catechism appears in print

1563

English Thirty-Nine Articles

1564

Birth of William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

1564

Death of John Calvin (1509-1564)

1564

Birth of Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)

1565

Publication of La racine, source et fondement des anaba

1565

Death of Guillaume Farel (1489-1565)

1566

Iconoclasm in the Netherlands

1566

Second Helvetic Confession

1566

Death of Johannes Agricola

1566

A 'Wonderyear' in the Netherlands

1566

Dutch Psalter

1567

Governor Duke of Alva comes to the Netherlands

1567

Death of Guy De Brès

1568

Start of the Eighty Years War

1568

Convent of Wezel

1571

Synod of Emden

1571

100th anniversary of the death of Thomas a Kempis

1572

Death of John Knox

1572

Catholic priests murdered

1572

The Sea Beggars in Den Briel

1572

Martyrs of Gorcum

1572

St. Bartholomew's Eve in France

1573

Siege of Leiden

1573

William of Orange celebrates the Lord's Supper

1574

Death of Albertus Rizaeus Hardenberg (1510-1574)

1574

First Provincial Synod of Dordrecht

1575

Founding of the University of Leiden

1575

Death of Heinrich Bullinger (1504-1575)

1576

Pacification of Ghent

1577

Birth of Jacob Cats (1577-1660)

1577

Formula of Concord, Lutheran confession

1578

The Alteration in Amsterdam

1578

Second National Synod of Dordrecht

1579

Union of Utrecht

1579

Union of Arras

1580

Dutch version of the Genevan Psalter

1580

Catholic religion banned in the Netherlands

1580

Appearance in print of the Book of Concord

1581

Edict of Abjuration

1581

Third National Synod of Middelburg

1582

Death of Theresa of Avila (1515-1582)

1583

Birth of Hugo Grotius

1584

William of Orange (1533-1584) assassinated

1585

Rebuilding of Catholic ecclesiastical life in the Nethe

1585

Birth of Cornelius Jansen (1585-1638)

1586

Birth of Dirk Raphaëlsz Camphuysen

1586

Fourth National Synod at The Hague

1587

Lutheran community at Amsterdam

1588

The Spanish Armada

1589

Death of Christophe Plantin (1520-1589)

1590

Death of Peter Datheen (1531-1590)

1590

Death of Hieronymus Zanchius (1516-1590)

1593

Henry IV of France becomes Roman Catholic again

1594

Death of van Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

1594

Birth of Gustav Adolf II of Sweden (1594-1632)

1597

Birth of Pieter Janszoon Saenredam (1597-1665)

1597

Death of Petrus Canisius (1521-1597)

1598

Edict of Nantes

1598

100th anniversary of the death of Girolama Savonarola

1602

Death of Franciscus Junius (1545-1602)

1602

Foundation of the East India Company

1602

Death of William Perkins

1603

Birth of Johannes Coccejus (1603-1669)

1603

Publication Politica by Johannes Althusius

1605

Death of Theodore Beza (1519-1605)

1606

Birth of Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)

1607

Birth of Paul Gerhardt (1607-1676)

1607

Birth of Anna Maria van Schurman (1607-1678)

1608

English Separatists flee to the Dutch Republic

1609

Death of Jacobus Arminius (ca. 1559-1609)

1609

Beginning of the Twelve Year Truce

1610

The Remonstrants

1611

The Counter-Remonstrants

1611

King James translation of the Bible

1612

Death of Menso Alting (1541-1612)

1614

Founding of the University of Groningen

1614

First edition of the Rituale Romanum

1615

Death of Johannes Fontanus (1545-1615)

1617

The training of priests at Den Bosch

1618

Book of Sports appears in print in England

1618

Beginning of the Thirty Years War

1618

Beginning of the National Synod at Dordrecht

1619

The Act of Cessation

1620

Protestantism eradicated

1620

The Mayflower brings the Pilgrim Fathers to America

1621

Founding of the West India Company

1627

Death of Dirk Raphaëlsz Camphuysen

1629

The Peace of Alais (or the Edict of Grace)

1632

Death of Gustav Adolf of Sweden (1594-1632)

1637

Dutch Statenvertaling completed

1638

Death of Cornelis Jansen (1585-1638)

1638

National Covenant in Scotland

1638

Founding of Harvard College in America

1648

Peace of Westphalia

1648

Publication of Luther's Bible in the Netherlands